How many types of industrial robots exist at present, and what are their main characteristics?

Robotic types can be narrowed down to five main types: Cartesian, Cylindrical, SCARA, 6-Axis, and Delta.

Each of these industrial robot types has specific elements that make them best-suited for different applications. The main differentiators among them are their speed, size, and workspace. Let me briefly explain each type:

1. Cartesian Robots: These robots have three linear axes (X, Y, and Z) that allow them to move in a rectangular coordinate system. They are known for their precision and accuracy, making them ideal for tasks that require high repeatability.

2. Cylindrical Robots: These robots have two rotary axes (R and Z) and one linear axis (X). They have a cylindrical workspace and are commonly used for tasks that involve handling objects in a circular or cylindrical motion.

3. SCARA Robots: SCARA stands for Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm. These robots have two parallel rotary axes (R and θ) and two linear axes (X and Y). They are known for their speed and precision, making them suitable for assembly and pick-and-place operations.

4. 6-Axis Robots: These robots have six degrees of freedom, allowing them to move in six different directions. They have a wide range of motion and are commonly used in applications that require complex movements, such as welding and painting.

5. Delta Robots: Also known as parallel robots, Delta robots have three parallel arms connected to a common base. They are known for their high speed and precision, making them ideal for tasks that require fast and accurate movements, such as packaging and sorting.

In conclusion, these five types of robots offer different capabilities and are best-suited for specific applications. When choosing a robot for a particular task, it is important to consider factors such as speed, size, and workspace requirements.